Faculty members in the department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences engage in a wide array of innovative research activities across multiple disciplines, all with the goal of advancing scientific knowledge and improving patient outcomes. The following is an overview of the key research themes and topics that faculty members are actively exploring.
Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering
Research in this area focuses on the design and development of advanced biomaterials, including polymeric and hydrogel systems, for applications in regenerative medicine and cancer modeling. Faculty are pioneering methods for 3D cell encapsulation and biofabrication, including bioprinting and hydrogel customization, to enhance tissue regeneration and model complex biological interactions. Salivary gland tissue engineering, in particular, is a significant focus, with efforts directed toward repairing damaged glands through innovative co-culture and biofabrication techniques.
Cancer Biology and Tumor Models
One area of focus in cancer biology is on the interactions between cancer cells and the surrounding stroma. Researchers are developing advanced 3D models of cancerous tissues, using microfluidic systems to create physiologically relevant environments for studying tumor progression and drug responses. This research aims to improve drug screening capabilities and lead to more effective therapies.
Another area of focus in cancer biology research integrates clinical, basic, and translational studies to advance the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the earliest stages of oral cancer development and progression. The aim is to leverage this information to identify ideal biomarkers for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting, including translating this to and testing diagnostic aids for early detection of oral cancer and its precursors. Research in this arena is enriched by collaborations with scientists and clinicians affiliated with the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and Rice University.
Stem Cell Biology and Regeneration
Faculty are studying the role of stem cells in the development, disease, and regeneration of various tissues, including bone and cartilage. Using advanced mouse genetic models, researchers are investigating the molecular mechanisms that regulate stem cell behavior, with applications in craniofacial development, bone growth, and tooth regeneration. These studies aim to unlock new insights into how stem cells can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes.
Craniofacial Development and Disease
Another area of focus is the study of craniofacial development and the genetic factors contributing to disorders such as Sjogren's syndrome and lateral facial clefts. Researchers are investigating the regulation of cell fate in cranial neural crest cells, aiming to better understand the molecular pathways that govern craniofacial development. We also develop predictive models to identify non-coding DNA variations in pediatric cancers and osteosarcoma.
Pharmacology and Toxicology
Faculty in the department also engage in pharmacology and toxicology research, particularly in the context of drug metabolism and the biological responses to therapeutic agents, natural products, and substances of abuse. Specific studies focus on the toxicokinetics of the areca nut, one of the world's most commonly abused substances, and pharmacokinetic modeling of anticancer agents. Research efforts also include the development of novel methods to chemically degrade pharmaceutical waste.
Translational Research
Researchers in our department are at the forefront of leveraging Big Data and AI-driven analytics to advance oral health by continuously evaluating dental care practices for optimizing patient outcomes. We develop behavioral interventions such as audit and feedback dashboards and clinical decision support tools to augment evidence-based decision-making at the point of care.
Innovative Teaching Strategies
Our faculty lead efforts that focus on enhancing student engagement through the integration of technology and active learning, such as social media and audience response systems, to improve education and foster collaborative learning.